微视频技术在基础化学实验教学中的实践应用

以高校基础化学实验"从海带中提取碘""三草酸合铁（Ⅲ）酸钾的制备"为例，分别探讨了微视频技术在化学基本操作实验和综合设计型实验中的具体应用；此外，举例说明利用Flash软件制作的虚拟微视频可以在仪器分析实验中清晰地再现仪器真实操作中的每一个步骤，弥补了学生在实验前无法实际操作仪器的不足。实践证明，微视频技术的应用，丰富了基础化学实验教学模式，增强了学生自主学习的能力和动手能力，提高了实验成功率和实验教学效果。     

综合设计性专业实验:离子液体[BMIM]Br的制备及在柴油脱硫中的应用

在微波辅助下合成、纯化了离子液体溴化1-甲基-3-丁基咪唑[BMIM]Br，测定了产率和纯度，并使用FTIR和1HNMR进行了产物结构表征；以[BMIM]Br为萃取剂对催化裂化和加氢裂化柴油进行超声辅助萃取脱硫，并测定了脱硫率；在反应条件优化、测试方法优化、脱硫选择性等方面设置了多个开放性设计实验。该实验项目融合精细化工和石油化工方向，在促进学生知识体系跨界，全面训练综合实验技能，培养学生解决实际问题能力以及科研能力形成等方面作用明显；实验项目以模块化设置，符合"绿色实验"原则。     

4,4'-[(2,2-二苯乙烯)-1,1-双(4,1-亚苯基)]二吡啶的合成、表征及其聚集诱导发光性能研究

以提升学生的实验操作及创新能力为目的的综合化学实验，采用简单的2步法（缩合和Suzuki反应）合成了一种具有聚集诱导发光性能的化合物4，4'-[（2，2-二苯乙烯）-1，1-双（4，1-亚苯基）]二吡啶（简称2Py-TPE）。利用过滤、洗涤、萃取、干燥和柱层析等常用的有机分离操作手段对该化合物进行纯化；使用核磁共振仪、高分辨质谱仪、红外光谱仪及稳态瞬态荧光光谱仪对其进行结构表征和聚集诱导发光性能研究。该实验不仅可以促使学生了解以四苯乙烯衍生物为代表的聚集诱导发光材料的研究现状，而且能够培养学生的综合实验能力和科学探究能力。     

Advanced statistical evaluation of the complex formation constants from electrophoretic data II: Diastereomeric ion-pairs of (R,S)-N-(3,5-dinitrobenzoyl)leucine and tert-butylcarbamoylquinine

Intermolecular association and ion-pair formation, respectively, between a cationic chiral selector, viz. o-9-(tert-butylcarbamoyl) quinine (CQN), and the both enantiomers of anionic N-(3,5-dinitrobenzoyl)leucine, (R)-DNB-Leu and (S)-DNB-Leu, were investigated by affinity capillary electrophoresis (ACE). Thus, binding constants of the both diastereomeric ion-pairs, (R) and (S)-DNB-Leu/CQN associates, were determined by different experimental setups and correction of nonlinear effects. A reciprocal setup was employed for the high-affinity (S)-enantiomer, and the experimental mobility data obtained for CQN at variable (S)-DNB-Leu concentrations in the background electrolyte were linearized and evaluated by advanced statistical model. A binding constant of K_S=125.1 l mol⁻¹ was afforded. The constant for the (R)-enantiomer, which is outside the range suitable for direct affinity CE, was obtained from indirect affinity CE utilizing the separation of the DNB-Leu racemate at a single appropriate CQN concentration in the BGE (resolution method) taking advantage of the known constant for the (S)-enantiomer yielding a binding constant of K_R=2.51 l mol⁻¹. Thereby, the so-called “constant time method” was adopted for the required precise measurement of the effective mobilities of the both enantiomers. A combined approach of reciprocal affinity CE with racemic DNB-Leu as additive and the resolution method confirmed the results. The resulting constants evidence excellent enantioselectivity of the tert-butylcarbamoyl derivative of the cinchona alkaloid quinine as chiral selector for N-(3,5-dinitrobenzoyl) derivatives of amino acids.     

季铵盐类相转移催化剂的介绍与其在异相亲核取代反应中的应用——介绍一个国外本科生实验并讨论其相关问题

介绍了一个国外大学化学专业本科生有机化学实验"相转移催化剂的应用"，介绍了实验设计与流程，分析了实验结果，并讨论其相关的问题。该实验涉及到整套的现代有机合成流程，如薄层层析色谱（TLC）技术与硅胶柱色谱分离技术，并通过半微量反应的设计，减少对环境有害物质的使用，体现了"绿色化学"的设计理念，值得国内本科生有机化学实验借鉴与学习。     

维生素C溶液有氧降解动力学

建立了一种恒温高压氧药物稳定性加速试验方法, 用这种方法可在较短的时间内求得药物氧化反应的动力学参数. 以10%维生素C溶液为例, 维生素C在有氧和无氧条件下均可降解, 总的降解速率常数k_t由两部分构成: k_t＝k_an＋k_ae, k_an为无氧降解速率常数, 可表达为k_an＝A_an•exp(－E_a,an /RT); k_ae为有氧降解速率常数, 可表达为k_ae＝A_ae•exp(－E_a,ae/ RT)• .     

“线上线下-虚实结合”在有机化学实验教学中的应用探索——以正溴丁烷的制备实验为例

In response to the impact of the Covid-19 epidemic on organic chemistry laboratory teaching, this article analyzes and discusses the current limitation of traditional organic chemistry laboratory teaching. Taking the "preparation of n-bromobutane" as an example, a new "online-offline and virtual-actual combination" teaching mode with the combination of "Tencent Meeting, MLabs, laboratory and WeChat group" is introduced. The practice of the new mode of teaching includes the following steps: pre-class online guiding by teacher, student preview and practice based on the virtual simulation platform, students and teacher discussion and operation in laboratory, and post-classcomprehensive assessment and Q&A", and good teaching effects have been received. It is significant in cultivating and improving the independent innovation and practical ability, and provides reference for the organic chemistry laboratory teaching reform and also lays a foundation for the construction of "outstanding course" of organic chemistry.     

可变色形状记忆材料

以聚乙烯醇和单宁酸为原料制备出了形状记忆水凝胶,以乙二胺四乙酸、二水合氯化铜、六水合氯化镁、氧化铝为原料制备出了无机热致变色材料,以结晶紫内酯、硼酸、十六醇为原料制备出了有机热致变色材料,并将形状记忆材料与热致变色材料结合,成功制备出了两种既能记忆形状又能变色的新型复合高分子材料。本实验原料简单易得,方法简便,并与本科阶段有机化学、无机化学、仪器分析、精细化学品化学等课程中所学习的自由基聚合反应、化学交联、络合反应等知识结合,可作为本科教学的一个综合实验,提高学生的动手能力,激发学生学习化学的兴趣和热情。     

综合有机化学实验:提取丁香花中的丁香酚多步合成香兰素

介绍了一个综合型有机化学实验，作为一个整体项目大约安排12周时间来完成。以不含香兰素的丁香花为原料，提取其中的丁香酚来多步合成香兰素，并进行物理和化学性质检验，整个实验技术路线包含了蒸馏、合成、重结晶等多种操作，同时在纯化和结构鉴定过程中还用到红外、紫外-可见和高效液相色谱等多种大型仪器分析技术。     

A new 4-D non-equilibrium fractional-order chaotic system and its circuit implementation

A new 4-D fractional-order chaotic system without equilibrium point is proposed in this paper. There is no chaotic behavior for its corresponding integer-order system. By computer simulations, we find complex dynamical behaviors in this system, and obtain that the lowest order for exhibiting a chaotic attractor is 3.2. We also design an electronic circuit to realize this 4-D fractional-order chaotic system and present some experiment results.